In vivo study of antimicrobial activity of fermented coconut water with different solvent against sheath brown rot of rice / Fatin Amirah Bakhari

Oryza sativa is one of important crops in Malaysia where most of Malaysian consumed rice in daily life. Many countries are concern of to the improvement rice productivity as human population grows up. Such the improvements are on the quality and productivity of rice. Bacterial sheath brown rot disease caused by Pseudomonas fuscovaginae are considered one of new disease and getting widespread in worldwide. Unfortunately, sheath brown rot disease of rice are cause abundant loss of yields almost 100%, and reduce the productivity and quality of rice. Meanwhile, fermented mature coconut water has been reported that have a potential in controlling the disease. However, antimicrobial activity of the fermented mature coconut water extract was not studied yet. Hence, the objective of this study are aim to screening potential of fermented coconut water extracted with different solvent against the rice bacteria pathogen, Pseudomonas fuscovaginae in vivo and to evaluate response of different rice variety that have been treated by fermented coconut water with different solvent against Sheath brown rot of rice. The in vivo experiment was carried out with pre-inoculation approach where the fermented mature coconut water extract were applied to the rice plant, then followed with inoculation of bacteria suspension by inoculating of bacteria suspension pathogen, Pseudomonas fuscovaginae. The length size of lesion appeared was measured in the next day until 7 days. The results obtained from this study, the treatment methanol solvents are showed that least length of lesion as compared the treatment with aqueos solvents. It is indicates that methanol solvents could be a possible as pontential in reducing the growth of Pseudomonas fuscovaginae

Consumer behavior of Islamic bank customers at Bank Rakyat Jelapang Branch, Ipoh, Malaysia / Nor Fatin Amirah Abd Razak

This study investigates the consumer behaviour of Islamic bank customers at Bank Rakyat Jelapang Branch, Ipoh, Malaysia. It includes determination of factors that influence consumer behavior among customers. Several factors were established which were customer awareness, customer satisfaction, and bank selection criteria. The data was collected from a sample of 100 customers of Bank Rakyat Jelapang through questionnaire. The data was analysed by using SPSS version 20.0. The data analysis such as descriptive, reliability and regression were used to achieve the objective of this research. It was found that the high level of Consumer behavior of Islamic bank customer at Bank Rakyat Jelapang. All of the determinants or factor had the significant relationship toward consumer behavior of customers and most significant factor that influence consumer behavior of customers was bank selection criteria

Gas Hydrate Mobile Application

Determining the formation of gas hydrate is critical due to the fact that it could reduce the production level in pipelines due to the blockage form by hydrates. In the long run it could then damage those pipelines. However, most current software could not support real time analysis of hydrate formation. Therefore, this research project develops a mobile application to determine the occurrence of gas hydrate formation in offshore pipelines. The mobile application is available for android users including engineers and researchers. The mobile application determines the gas hydrate formation based on four types of natural gas which are methane, propane, carbon dioxide and nitrogen. These are the four most frequent gases that lead to formation of hydrate and have established fixed equilibrium graph. Based on the integration of those various phase equilibrium graphs gathered (Roberts et al (1940); Makagon and Sloan (1994); Deaton and Frost (1946); Nakamura et al (2000)) hydrate and non-hydrate situation are determined in the form of graphs. Rapid prototyping methodology was followed in designing and creating the mobile apps. The five phases started with planning, quick analysis and design, prototype cycle, implementation and testing were conducted with assistance from expert users. In assuring the accuracy of the gas hydrates formation, interview with expert users has been conducted. The introduction of this mobile application will be a breakthrough in oil and gas industry, where the occurrence of gas hydrate could be determined in real time and at any time and from anywhere. This would reduce the time taken for decision making and thus mitigation plans for gas hydrate removal could be taken as soonest

Development of application for augmented reality for three states of matter

The rapid development of technology and information has a powerful impact on education. Among the technologies that have been used is the use of Augmented Reality which can help improve the effectiveness of the delivery of learning content in the classroom such as facilitating students learning the topic of matter in chemistry form four by looking at the structure of particles in three dimensions and integrating them into the real world. The topic of the three states of matter is difficult for students to understand, especially for students with chemophobia and students who are less interested in learning about this topic. Therefore, this study is to design and develop Augmented Reality applications for the state of matter molecules (solid, liquid and gas) and to evaluate and test the functionality of the application. In this study, the researcher applied the product development method using the ADDIE design model which has five phases that is the analysis phase, design phase, development phase, implementation phase and evaluation phase. The research instrument used by the researcher is a questionnaire and expert verification form distributed to two multimedia experts and teachers who teach chemistry subjects. The results show that all the experts have responded positively to the development of this application in terms of content design, interaction design and interface design. The application is also well developed and has achieved the objectives of the study. This study can be further expanded by developing this application for other topics and using the iOS platform as well as uploading to the Apps Store or Play Store so that it can be exposed and used by anyone

The relationship between macroeconomic variable and Tenaga Nasional Berhad (TNB) shares / Amirah Fatin Mohamad

Macroeconomics applies an overview perspective to an economy by examining economy wide variables, such as inflation, unemployment, growth of the economy, money supply and national income for developing country. This macroeconomic variable will be affect to the shares prices positively or negatively. These studies are focusing and elaborate more about the relationship between macroeconomic variable (inflation rate, unemployment rate, Consumer price index) and TNB shares. The monthly closing price of TNB shares in 5 year’s period of study from 1January 2006 until 31 December 2010 were collected and the findings reveals that only CPI has significant related to TNB shares while other variables not

Removal of reactive black 5 dye using modified chitosan-pandan adsorbent

There has been increased interest of chitosan as a dye adsorbent. Nonetheless, the chitosan tend to form bonding between their monomer chains that result in a rigid structure which affects its capability for dye adsorption. This is why there are many recent studies on modified chitosan through various modification in order to overcome the limitation. But, most modifications involve chemical additive agents as well as complex procedures that are conducted under strong conditions. Not much research consider low-cost organic materials as modifying agents. The purpose of this work is to investigate the performance of chitosan modified with pandan leaves in the adsorption of reactive black 5 (RB5). Modified chitosan-pandan (MCP) were synthesised by simple wet impregnation using polyphenols from extracted pandan oil under mild condition. MCP was characterised using the scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface area analysis. A batch adsorption was conducted to study the effect of retention time (0-40 min), initial dye concentration (100-1000 mg/L), pH (3-11), temperature (25-80 °C) and dosage of adsorbent (0.01-1.0 g), and to determine the optimum process conditions. Kinetics, isotherm and thermodynamics evaluation were also performed on the adsorption data. The results of MCP adsorption showed outstanding dye removal, with almost 100% under the optimum conditions (30 min, 200 mg/L of RB5, pH 7 and 0.1 g of MCP). The adsorption data fitted well to the pseudo-second order model, indicating the role of chemisorption with the influence of intraparticle diffusion. For isotherm study, the data are best fitted to the Langmuir model (R2 = 0.95) with the maximum adsorption of 115.58 mg/g. A thermodynamics analysis showed that the adsorption was endothermic, occurred spontaneously and feasible. MCP is capable to be regenerated up to 5 times with percentage removal above 50% by only washing with distilled water. In conclusion, a satisfactory performance of MCP in RB5 removal was successfully demonstrated, can be used as a new promising adsorbent for the removal of dyes from textile wastewater

Parent and peer attachment to academic dishonesty in online learning during the COVID-19 pandemic

Since the COVID-19 pandemic has occurred around the world, education has been one of the most affected. All schools in the world are closing and changing the learning system to online learning. This makes social interaction between students limited, but not for parents who live together. The implementation of online learning turns out to provide an easier method of committing academic dishonesty. We examine how attachments that include father, mother and peer attachments affect the behaviour of academic dishonesty. A total of 165 high school students participated in this study. Results Our research confirms previous research that the results show no effect of all attachments on academic dishonesty. This shows that students continue to be dishonest during online learning without being influenced by attachments, in contrast to other studies conducted before the COVID-19 pandemic occurred. The research results and implications for education providers are discussed

Gastrointestinal Nematodes Parasites Of Goats (Capra Aegagrus Hircus) In Merbok, Kedah, Malaysia: Studies Of Anthelmintic Efficacy Of Selected Plants, Prevalence And Nature Of Infection

Anthelmintic resistance of gastrointestinal nematodes (GIN) is a potentially costly problem that affected the livestock industries worldwide. The emergence of resistance urges the researchers to come out with an eco-friendly anthelmintic based on medicinal plants. Preliminary secondary metabolite screening by using gas chromatography and mass spectrum (GC-MS) and high – performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) were done for three plants crude extract; Azadiracta indica, Clinicantus nutans and Polyalthia longifolia. Few secondary metabolites focusing on sugar believed to boost the immunostimulant were d-mannose for neem and D-Frutose, 3-O-methyl-, 3-O-Methyl-d-glucose and glucose for ashoka. D-Allose was found in all three plant extracts. For HPLC few constituents identified were fructose, galactose, glucose and rhamnose. In addition, phytochemical analysis was conducted to investigate the presence of alkaloids, flavonoid, tannins, saponin, triterpenes and steroids. The phytochemical constituents of all three plants were shown to exhibit ethnoveterinary properties as it caused paralysis and death of third stage larvae in the larval migration inhibition assay and larval motility assay. An in vivo study was carried out from May to July 2016 to evaluate the efficacy of between selected plants aqueous extract and anthelmintic drugs (albendazole and ivermectin)

Prediction of Pore Water-Pressure Using Multiple Linear Regression (MLR)

Knowledge of pore water pressure responses to rainfall is requires in any project related to slopes stability analysis. Multiple Linear Regression (MLR) is an extension of linear regression and can be used to represent the relationship between dependent and independent variables. Multiple Linear Regression (MLR) was employed to develop the MLR model equation for prediction of pore water pressure responses to rainfall. For this purpose, the time series of pore water pressure and rainfall data were obtained and used to develop the MLR model. Total of 1416 data were collected through a field work of a slope in Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS. Data was divided into two groups as 990 for training and 426 for testing of pore water pressure. The input data was analyzed using linear regression and the performance of the MLR model was evaluated by different statistical measures such as the analysis of variance (ANOVA), coefficient of determination (R2), root mean square error (RMSE) and the coefficient of efficiency (CE). Prediction results showed that MLR model equation has a better performance during training since testing has produced a high value of coefficient of determination

Fatty acid profiles in different grades and type of chicken eggs / Fatin Amirah Abdul Rashid

The objectives of this study were to identify the types of fatty acid composition present and to compare them between different grades of conventional chicken egg of A,B and C, village chicken egg and omega-3 enriched chicken egg. A total of 4 samples of each of types of chicken egg were analyzed by using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrum (GC-MS). The obtained result showed that saturated fatty acid (SFA), monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA), and polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) were all present in each of them. Total percentage of SFA composition in range (29.32% - 38.65%) were analyzed from all chicken egg is lower than MUFA composition in range (36.33% - 43.58%) but higher than PUFA composition in range (20.45% - 27.66%). Grade A egg showed the most undetected fatty acid composition with highest total SFA percentage (38.65%) and the lowest total PUFA percentage (20.45%). Grade B showed the highest total percentage of PUFA (27.66%) while omega-3 enriched egg showed the highest percentages of the most essential omega-3 fatty acid of DHA (7.18%). But, overall all type of chicken eggs showed a balance ratio of essential omega6: omega-3 except grade A egg which is can provide a good nutritional content for human body especially village chicken and omega-3 egg